Abstract

Helicobacter pylori, the most common gastric infection in the world, causes gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Innate and adaptive immune responses are induced after H. pylori infection. However, it achieves long-term colonization through immune evasion. Understanding the mechanisms of inflammation and immunity induced by H. pylori is crucial for developing preventive and therapeutic vaccines. This review captures the major advancements in H. pylori-induced inflammation, immunity, and vaccine development from April 2023 to March 2024.